There are many more lighting schemes available now than back in the pre LED days. Now we can have a choice of all sorts of LED light bulbs which can be either fitted in individual spots or within a fixture of LED strip lights. The LED is energy efficient and extremely bright which is great for outdoor settings. Their durability lends them to being able to withstand weather conditions such as rain, snow and wind. In most cases, an LED bulb can last for over two years, very often for as many as 50,000 hours.
Now, hare far apart to space them. Good question indeed. A general rule would suggest between 180 and 240 metres to ensure safe constant and consistent lighting for paths. For a porch it can be placed on the wall about a third the height of the door for a single lamp or one quarter if placing two, one either side of the door.
There are one or two pitfalls to avoid – for example too much light can cause glare and will reduce visibility at night. It will also cause enormous light polution which is likely to annoy the neighbours. Installing the light fixture too high or low is going to create very awkward shadows and uneven coverage. The ideal colour LED for outside would be a warm white 2700K to 3000K. This would be considered ideal for outdoor residential lighting schemes as it will feel inviting without being at all harsh.